yon siemens



2 Sheets8heet 1.

(No Model.)

G. W. VON SIEMENS. SYSTEM OF BLEGTRIGAL DISTRIBUTION. No. 542,979. Patented July 16, 1895.

WITNESSES: INVENTOH W a l f I f n w. M W

L B Y A TTOHNE).

(No Model.)

2 SheetS--Sheet 2.

G. W. VON SIEMENS. SYSTEM or ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

Patented July 16,1895.

iiiiinjj W/TNESSES:

lNVENTOR ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES GEORG \VILHELM VON SIEMENS, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 542,97 9, dated July 16, 1895.

Application filed April 26, 1893. Serial No. 471,972- (No model.) Patented in Belgium January 28, 1888, No. 84,457; in Germany December 13, 1888, No. 50,578; in France December 2 in Sweden December 28, 1888, No. 3,023; in Austria-Hungary December 28, 1888,

March 1, 1889, No. 3,674, and in Switzerland March To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORG WILEELM voN SIEMENS, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, residing at the city of Berlin, in the German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in Systems of Electrical Distribution, of which the following is a specification, for which I have obtained the following patents: in Germany, No. 50, 578,dated December 13, 1888; in Belgium, No. 81,457, dated January 28, 1888; in France, No.195,045, dated December 28, 1888; in Italy, No. 24,650, dated December 28, 1888; in Switzerland, No. 528, dated March 2, 1889; in Sweden, No. 3,023, dated December 28, 1888; in Austria-Hungary, No. 20,779 and No. 69,346, dated December 28, 1888, and in England, No. 3,67% dated March 1, 1889.

My invention relates to a system of electrical distribution, and also to the mechanism employed for maintaining a normal tension between any of the conductors of said system.

The object of my invention is, on one hand, to preserve the unity of the generating machinery, as also the simplicity of arrangement of main feeder-conductors, as commonly used in two-wire systems, and, on the other hand, to provide simple and eiiicacious means to automatically' regulate the potential differences between any two of the distributing-conductors.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention, similar reference-numerals indicate like parts.

Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams which serve to illustrate my invention, in which Fig. 1 is a general diagram of the system as a whole and Fig. 2 illustrative of the regulating apparatus which is employed and its connection to the system.

In the drawings, 5 represents the generating-station, which -I prefer to locate as near the center of the district to be fed therefrom as is practicable. Located in the station is a dynamo-electric machine or a number of d ynamo-electric machines 6, connected in parallel. Leading from the station are the positive and negative feeder-conductors 7 and 8.

9 9 9 9 represent respectively the main distributing-conductors.

8,1888, No.195,045; in Italy December 28,1888,No. 24,650; No. 20,779 and No. 69,846; in England The feeder-conductors 7 and 8 are connected at equidistant points in the district to the conductor 9, and the feeder-conductor 8 in a smilar manner to the conductor 9. Three positive and three negative feeder-conductors are shown, which feed currrents to the three circuits included between the main conductors 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 represent branch conductors leading from the main distributing-conductors and carried into buildings or other points where the current transmitted is to be utilized.

11, Fig. 2, represents translating devices, such as lamps, arranged in parallel of the conductors-that is to say, a lamp may be in parallel of the conductors 9 and 9", or of any other two of the conductors, and three of such lamps in parallel series with each other between the conductors 9 and 9 to which the feeder-conductors only are connected.

It will be observed that the conductors 9 and 9 are not connected to the feeder-conductors.

In distribution systems using multiple conductors and in which the two external conductors are connected to the feeder-conductors it is necessary, in order to maintain the potential of the current between the separate conductors of the system, to provide means for regulating the potential of the current in the several circuits in accordance with variations in work required in said circuits, as in the practical operation of such a system it frequently happens that more lamps will be cut out of one pair of conductors than out of another, in which case the potential of the current between that pairof conductors would be altered. In order to compensate for this diiference of potential I provide a regulating apparatus 12 for each circuitthat is to say, three regulating apparatus for the three circuits coupled in series and in parallel series across the external conductors 9 9 of the distributing-circuit. Such an apparatus is shown in Fig. 2. In this apparatus 18 represents a relay-magnet, the coil of which is in parallelas, for instance, of the conductors 9 and 9 Mounted in front of this magnet is an armature 14, provided with a contactstrip 15, adapted to vibrate between the con- ICO tacts 16 and 17. When, for instance, the potential of the current between the conductors 9 and 9 is normal, the strip 15 will occupy an in termediate point between the contacts 16 and 17, not touching either one of them. When, however, any change occurs in the potential of the current, as by cutting in or out of lamps, the strip 15 will make contact with either the contact 16 or 17, in which case a current will be caused to flow to either one or the other of the solenoidal magnets 19 and 20, which will attract its armature 21 or 22 and give motion to a sector 23, which-travels over the contact-points 24.

25 are .resistances-such as lamps-in the path between each of the contact-points and the wire 26, which is connected to the conductor 9. The sector itself is in electrical connection through the conductor 27 with the conductor 9.

The operation of the regulating device is readily understood. When a lamp, for instance, is cut out between the conductors 9 and 9 the magnet 20 attracts its armature 21, and a lamp or corresponding resistance is cut into the circuit by'the movement of the sector 23, and vice. versa. Instead, however, of using resistance in the form of lamps or any fixed ohmic resistance, which may be cut into or out of circuit, I prefer to employ a series of storage-batteries, the individual batteries being connected to the points 24. Thus the difference in potential between the conductors 9 and 9 may be varied by the current flowing from a number of batteries cut into or out of circuit. These batteries are indicated at 28. Upon a change in potential the sector-switch 23 will cut into circuit one or more of said batteries and the counter electromotive force set up therein by charging from the line will automatically and instantaneously restore the normal potential of the circuit. A very sensitive regulation of the potential will be obtained by this means, a regulation impossible to obtain by the use of fixed ohmic resistances, as not only will the balancing-period necessarily be of longer duration for fixed ohmic resistances than the period required for balancing by the counter electromotive force of storage-batteries,but as the storage-batteries themselves are capable of absorbing varying quantities of current there will be no irregular balancing such as is caused by the successive switching into the circuit of disconnected fixed ohmic resistances, as the storage-batteries will automatically adjust themselves co-operatively to the conditions of the circuit.

It will be observed from the description and drawings that by the arrangement of system described the regulating apparatus may be placed in any part of the system, and not necessarily in the buildings or other locations where the power is utilized.

It will be understood that each separate circuit will contain a regulating device, such as before described, as clearly shown at 12, Fig. 1, and I have, therefore, not deemed it necessary 'to duplicate the details of the apparatus for each circuit. The several regulating apparatus being connected in parallel series of the conductors the relays.13 thereof will, of course, be connected in a similar manner.

I do not wish to limit myself to the regulating mechanism described, as many changes can be made therein withoutdeparting from the intent of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In an electrical distribution system, the

combination of a source of energy, feeder con-- ductors therefrom, main distributing conductors, translating devices arranged in parallel series of said conductors, and devices for antomatically regulating the potential of the current between a pair of the distributing conductors by the counter-electromotive force of said regulating devices.

2. In an electrical distribution system, the combination of a source of energy, feeder conductors therefrom, main distributing conductors, translating devices arranged in parallel series of said conductors, and devices arranged in parallel series in the distributing conductors for automatically regulating the potential of the current between said conductors by the counter-electromotive force of said regulating devices.

3. In an electrical distribution system, the combination of a source of energy, a plurality of feeder conductors leading therefrom, distributing conductors connected to said feeder conductors, translating devices arranged in parallel series with said distributing conductors, and means consisting of controlling electro-magnetic mechanism subordinate electromagnetic mechanism controlled thereby and resistances, for automatically regulating the potential of the current between the various distributing conductors.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORG WILIIEIAM V. SIEMENS.

Witnesses:

GUSTAV STENZEL, MAX WAGNER.

ICO 

